process data

This study revealed that emotional engagement while learning with digital tools predicted cognitive learning outcomes uniquely, while for behavioral engagement the interaction with prior knowledge was a relevant predictor.

This study demonstrates a viable way to unobtrusively measure students' classroom engagement utilizing process data from electronic textbooks.

Computer-based learning environments introduce aspects that allow further information on learning processes to be gleaned. In this study, linear mixed models revealed a negative effect of time on task on task success, which was moderated by exercise difficulty and by student competence.